High Resolution Anoscopy (HRA) is a specialized diagnostic procedure that allows doctors to closely examine the lining of the anal canal under magnification to detect abnormal cells, precancerous changes, or anal cancer. It builds on standard anoscopy by using a colposcope—a high-resolution microscope connected to a monitor—alongside an anoscope to provide a detailed view of suspicious tissue. During the exam, a mild vinegar-like solution (acetic acid) may be applied to highlight abnormal cells, which turn white under the scope, making them easier to identify. If concerning areas are found, a biopsy can be taken for laboratory analysis. HRA is particularly valuable for patients at higher risk of anal dysplasia or cancer, as it enables earlier detection and more effective monitoring of disease progression or recurrence.